What is Atrial Fibrillation? 

Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) is an irregular, often rapid heart rhythm where the upper chambers (atria) beat chaotically instead of in a coordinated pattern. 

Normal heart: Ba-bump, ba-bump, ba-bump (steady rhythm) 
AFib heart: Ba-bumpbump-ba-ba-bump (irregular, unpredictable) 

Why It Matters 

• 5x higher stroke risk - Blood pools in atria, forms clots 
• Increased heart failure risk 
• Fatigue and reduced quality of life 
• Can lead to other heart problems 

Good news: Manageable with proper treatment and lifestyle changes 

Types of AFib 

Paroxysmal: Episodes that stop on their own (< 7 days) 
Persistent: Episodes lasting > 7 days, need treatment to stop 
Permanent: Cannot be converted back to normal rhythm 

Common Symptoms 

• Rapid, fluttering heartbeat (palpitations) 
• Fatigue or weakness 
• Shortness of breath 
• Chest discomfort or pain 
• Dizziness or lightheadedness 

Some people feel nothing - "silent AFib" 

Risk Factors 

Can't control: 

• Age (risk increases after 60) 
• Family history 
• Heart disease history 

Can control: 

• High blood pressure 
• Obesity 
• Sleep apnea 
• Alcohol consumption 
• Stress 
• Physical inactivity 

Your Treatment Team 

• Cardiologist: Overall AFib management 
• Electrophysiologist: Heart rhythm specialist (if needed) 
• Primary care doctor: Coordinate overall health 
• You: Most important - daily management 

Know Your Numbers 

Track these: 

• Resting heart rate: _____ 
• Blood pressure: _____ 
• Weight: _____ 
• Ejection fraction (if tested): _____ 
• CHA₂DS₂-VASc score (stroke risk): _____